Innsein Yourma Tai Sangha

This photos were taken when I was in Insein in 2007. At that time there were 53 Tai(Shan) monks who were studying in Insein. I would never forget our Tai(Shan) dhamma brothers and also will try to help them as well as I can.

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Happy Tai New Year 2103 in Colombo

These pictures were taken in 2008. It was our Tai(Shan) Happy New Year. At that day I was very delighted because I could meet all of our Tai Sangha and we share our knowledge. After that we changed our present...to each other and played games together. Also, we had a lot of fun as well. It was the happiest that I've never had in Sri Lanka.

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WELCOME !

THANKS FOR YOUR VISIT TO

KARUNATAIMAO

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Shan Happy New Year

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About Shan(Tai) State and about Shan(Tai)

Supporting the people of Shan State of Burma
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ABOUT SHAN STATE
Shan (Tai Ahom) Kings of Assam (Asom, Ahom) 1228 - 1821C.E. Related to and descended from the 29th King of the Tai/Shan Mong Mao line, Pam-Yau-Pungís (1203 - 1210 AD) younger brother Fu-San-Kang, Saopha of Mongmit*** (NB: AD/ C.E.+ 449 = Shan or Tai Era; AD/ C.E.+543 = Buddhist Era or B.E.)....
Ahom 1Sua-ka-pha (Sukaphaa) ***from Mong Mao 29th king's brother 1228 - 1268 Sua-teu-pha (Sutephaa) 1268 - 1281 son of 1Sua-bin-pha (Subinphaa) 1281 - 1293 son of 2Sua-khaang-pha (Sukhaangphaa) 1293 - 1332 son of 3Sua-khram-pha (Sukhraangphaa) 1332 - 1364 son of 4Civil Unrest War of Succession 1364 - 1369 Sua-tua-pha (Sutuphaa 1364 - 1376) 1369 - 1376 son of 4 Civil Unrest - War of Succession 1376 - 1380Tao (Chao) Kham-hti (Tyokhaamti) 1380 - 1389 son of 4Council of Ministers 1389 - 1398Sua-dang-pha (Sudangphaa - Baamuni Kunwar) 1398 - 1407 son of 9 Chao Sua-jang-pha (Sujangphaa) 1407 - 1422 ? Sua-kaak-pha (Sukaakphaa) 1422 - 1439 ?Sua-saen-pha (Susenphaa) 1439 - 1488 son of 13Sua-hen-pha (Suhenphaa) 1488 - 1493 son of 14Sua-pem-pha (Supimphaa) 1493 - 1497 son of 15Sua-hum-merng/Hso-hum-pha (Suhunmunga - Dihingiaa Rojaa) 1497 - 1539 son of 16Sua-klem-merng (Suklenmunga - Gorgoyaan Rojaa) 1539 - 1552 son of 17Sua-kham-pha (Sukhaamphaa - Khuraa Rojaa) 1553 - 1603 son of 18Sua-seng-pha (Susengphaa - Pratap Singha) 1603 - 1641 son of 19 Sua-ram-pha (Suramphaa - Bhoga Rojaa) 1641 - 1644 son of 20Sua-chug-pha/ Hso-chug-merng (Sutingphaa - Noriyaa Rojaa) 1644 - 1648 son of 21Saopha (Chaopha) Sua-tam-la/Jayadhvaj Singha - Bhoganiyaa Rojaa 1648 - 1663 son of 22 Ahom II, Hindu Period Sua-pong-merng (Supangmunga) - Chakradhvaj Singha 1663 - 1669 ?Sua-nyat-pha (Sunyatphaa) - Udayaditya Singha 1669 - 1673 brother of 24Sua-klan-pha (Suklanphaa) - Ramadhvaj Singha 1673 - brother of 24Suhunga Rojaa 1675 ?Gobar Rojaa 1675 great grandson of 17Sua-jin-pha (Sujinphaa) 1675 ?Sua-doi-pha (Sudoiphaa) 1677 ?Sua-li-pha (Suliphaa) - Loraa Rojaa 1679 ?Sua-pat-pha (Supatphaa) - Gadahar Singha 1681 - 1696 son of 28Sua-krung-pha (Sukrungphaa) - Rudra Singha 1696 - 1714 son of 32Sua-tan-pha (Sutanphaa) - Siva Singha - Xiba Singha 1714 - 1744 son of 33Sua-nin-pha (Suninphaa) - Pramatta Singha 1744 - 1751 son of 33Sua-ram-pha (Suramphaa) - Rajeswar Singha 1751 - 1769 son of 33Sua-nyen-pha (Sunyenphaa) - Laksmi Singha 1769 - 1780 son of 33 Sua-hit-pong-pha (Suhitpongphaa) - Gaurinath Singha 1780 - 1795 son of 37 Sua-ning-pha (Suningphaa - Kamalesvar Singha 1795 - 1810 grandson of 32Sua-din-pha (Sudingphaa) - Chandra Kanta Singha I 1811 - 1816 brother of 39Purandar Singha I 1817 - 1818 grandson of 38Chandra Kanta Singha II 1819 - 1821 ? British Annexation completed 182943. Puranadar Singha II, King of Upper Assam 1833 - 1838 ?*After 'The Tai Khamti' compiled with an Introduction by Lila Gogoi. Forward by Dr. Maheswar Neog, MA, D.Phil., Jawaharlal Nehru Professor, and Pub. By Gauhati U/ Chowkhamoon Gohain (Namsoon), Ex MP, Chowkham, NEFA, 1971. Printed by Sri Kalicharan Pal at Nabajiban Press, 66 Grey street, Calcutta - 16.NB: Sua = Hso Tiger.Chao = Sao = ChowAnd from (1). 'Axom Prokaxon Parixad' Pub. By the Assam Publication Board. (2). Ed. R.F. Tapsell: 'Monarchs, Rulers, Dynasties of the World' 1`983, Thames & Hudson Ltd., London. (3). Dambarudhar Nath, 'Axam Buranji (for BA Students), Student Stores, Guwahati, 1988. (4). Dambarudhar Nath, 'Axam Buranji' (for Higher Secondary Students), 1990, Bharati Book Stall, Golaghat. (5). Ed. Audrey Butler, 'Everyman's Dictionary of Dates', 6th Ed., 1974 JMDent & Sons, London. (6). Ed. Francis Robinson, 'The Cambridge Encyclopedia of India, Bangladesh & Sri Lanka', 1989, Cambridge U. Press. (7). Ed. Jogendra Bhuyan, 'Anandaraam Dhekiyaal Phukanar Axomiyaa Loraar Mitra', Anandaraam Barooah Institute of Language, Arts & Culture, Guwahati, 1992 (1st Ed. 1849). **Some Misc. Facts: Foundation of some Shan (Tai) city-states:Tagong (Bur. Tagaung) - 20 B.E. (523 BC)Mongnai or Merngnai (Bur. Mone) - Founded 102 B.E. (441 BC)Hsenwi (Bur. Thenni) - Founded 120 B.E. (423 BC)Hsipaw (Bur. Thibaw) & Se Tak in 306 B.E.In more recent time foundations: Mong Maenssuen (Moeng Maentsuen) (Bur. Myinsaing) by Ai-saeng-khai (Bur. Athinkaya) in 1804 B.E. or 1261 C.E. (AD).Mong Ta Mao (Moh Tama or Martaban in 1824 B.E. Or 1281 AD by Waree Loo **** (Wariru - Magadu, King Fa Rua, Shan King of the Mon Kingdom.Mong Pangya (Bur. Pinya) in 1855 B.E. or 1312 AD by Saeng Sai (Thihathu).Mong Se-kaeng (Sagaing) in 1859 BE or 1316 AD by Ai-saeng-khai (Athinkaya).Mong Aowa or Angwa/ Mong Park Nam (Ava Ratnapura) in 1907 BE or 1364 AD by Sao Ton Khun Pai (Thadominbya).The Tai Mao (Shan) Kingdom was at its peak during the reign of Suakhanpha the Great, named Chao Khwan-Fa 1220 - 1250 AD the 31st of the Merng Mao line. 1998 C.E. (AD) = 2541 B.E. (Buddhist Era) = 2092 Tai or Shan Era **After Chaichuen Khamdaengyodtai, 'The Relationships of the Tai Principalities and Lanna' - 6th International Conference, Chiangmai, 1996. ***After 'The Shan States and the British Annexation' Sao Saimong Mangrai, Paper #57. SEA Program, Dept. of Asian Studies, Cornell U., Ithaca, NY. August 1965***Kings of the Shan Kingdom of Pong.1. Kool-liee 80 AD (?) 1st2. 11 Kings3. Murgnow (Merng-now?) 667 - 777 13th4. Sookampha (Hso-kham-pha) - son of 3 777 - 808 14th 5. 10 Kings 808 - 13156 begin_of_the_skype_highlighting              808 - 13156      end_of_the_skype_highlighting begin_of_the_skype_highlighting              808 - 13156      end_of_the_skype_highlighting begin_of_the_skype_highlighting              808 - 13156      end_of_the_skype_highlighting. Soonganpha (Hso-ngan-pha) 1313 - 1334 25th7. 2nd Son Reigns for 3 years (?)8. 3rd Son Reigns for 28 years (?)9. 4th Son, Soo-oop-pha (Hso-up-pha) - 4th son of 6 136410. Soohoongpha (Hso-hoong-pha) - nephew of 9 - 1445 Nephew of 9.11. Sooheppha (Hso-hep-pha) 1445 - 1512/13 Titled Soohoongkhum (Hso-hoong-khum)/ Chow -hoomo (Sao-hu-mo)12. Soopengpha (Hso-penh-pha) 1512/13 - 156813. Sookopha (Hso-ko-pha) 1568 - 1587 14. Chowkalkhum (Sao Kal-khum) 1587 - 159215. Chowoongkhum (Sao Ong-khum) 1592 - 1596 Titled: Soohoongpha(Hso-hoong-pha)16. 10 years interregnum 1596 - 1606 (?)17. 4 Kings 1617 - 166218. A son of the King of Ava 1662 - 1672 probably of Pong Lineage19. 5 Kings 1672 - 1734 of Pong Lineage20. Chowmokhum (Sao Mo-khum)21. Chowkhoolseng (Sao Khul-saeng)Cf. 1 to 6 with table of Mao Kings; 12 to 21 with that of Merng-gong (Bur. Mogaung) - assuming that from 1334 onwards that Pong is Merng-gong (Mogaung)
*** Kings) of Mong MaoThe capital of Mong Mao founded in 450 B.E. (present day Ruili in Yunnan, SW China) - Kingdom of 'Tai Mao Kao Hai Haw' consisted of 9 self-governing kingdoms and 403 city-states. ** This Shan Empire reached its peak during the reign of the 31st Tai Mao king - Chau (Sao) Kwam-pha, titled Suakhanpha or Hso-khan-pha 1220 -1250 AD. This domain stretched from Assam in NE India, through the all of 'Burma Proper' and the Shan States, northern Thailand, northern Laos, northern Vietnam and Yunnan (southwest China); dismembered by the Burmese Bayinnaung of Toungoo (from the Shan/ Tai Paa-ger - loosely 'Salt Wilderness'). The Kingdom of Ava was Shan until 1555. The Burmese Kingdom up to its annexation by the British in 1885 was styled the 'Court of Ava' by the British. Shan Princesses mothered many of the Burmese kings - last king Thibaw (Shan - Hsipaw) so names after his mother. The Shan States in 'Sagaing (Se-Kaeng - 'City by the Rapids' from the Shan/ Tai) Division of Burma', the Shan States on the Shan Plateau, and the 'Chinese' Shan States were considered to be one entity, not unlike the Germanic States before Bismark, by the legalistic British before the annexation of the Shan States by them and their demarcation of international boundaries as they stand today, between them (British India), the French in Indo-China and Imperial China of the Ching Dynasty. They acknowledged a de facto political, constitutional and legal distinction between the Kingdom of Burma with its capital at Mandalay (Man-Ta-Ler, 'Village of the Fig-tree Crossing /Ferry/Quay/Landing' - from the Shan/Tai) and all the 'greater' Shan States.1. Kun-lai 568 AD2. Ai Dyep-that-pha 638 son3. Kam-pong-pha 6784. Kam-sap-pha son5. Kam-sip-pha 703 younger brother6. Ni-pha-maung 753 son7. Chau (Sao) Khun-pha 793 son8. Chau (Sao) Kai-pha 834 son9. Chau (Sao) Han-pha 868 son10. Chau (Sao) Tau-pha 901 son11. Chau (Sao) Pwot-pha 933 son12. Chau (Sao) Won-pha 960 son13. Chau (Sao) Hon-pha 983 son14. Chau (Sao) Hau-pha 995 son15. Chau (Sao) Lip-pha 1014 son16. Khun Kwot-pha 1035 relation17. Chau (Sao) Tai-pha I 1050 son18. Chau (Sao) Lu-lu 1062 son19. Chau (Sao) Sang-mwun 1081 son20. Chau (Sao) Sang-yaw 1096 son21. Chau (Sao) Tai-pha II 1103 younger brother22. Chau (Sao) Hsen-nga 1112 son23. Chau (Sao) Lu-chu 1123 younger brother24. Chau (Sao) Nga-chu 1137 younger brother25. Chau (Sao) Khun-ming 1145 son26. Chau (Sao) Khun-kum 1163 son27. Chau (Sao) Tai-pum 1171 son28. Chau (Sao) Tai-lung 1188 son29. Pam-Yau-Pung 1203 son - A younger brother Fu-San (g)-kang, Saopha of Muang-mit founded the line of the Tai Ahom Kings of Assam.30. Chau (Sao) Ai Mo Kang-neng 1210 a relation, descended from Kwan-su of Merng Nyong31. Chau (Sao) Kwan-pha 1220 son, Titled Suakhanfa the Great, the Tai MaoKingdom reached it peak during his reign. This stretched from Assam in NE India through Burma Proper, the Shan States, Northern Thailand, Laos, Vietnam and Yunnan in SW China. His brother Sam Lung-pha the Conqueror, given theCrown and created King of Muang-gong (Bur. Mogaung) in1215(?) AD.32. Chau (Sao) Pui-pha 1250 son33. Chau (Sao) Kam-pha orTai-peng 1282 son34. Chau (Sao) Wak-pha 1285 sonNo King 131535. Ai Puk 1324 son of 34No King 133036. Chau (Sao) Ki-pha orTai-Pong 1339 a relation37. Tai-lung 1346 son38. Chau (Sao) Tit-pha orTau-Lwei 1396 son39. Chau (Chao) Ngan-pha 1415 son - sought asylum with his royal cousin of Ava, in 1444after loosing a war with the Chinese Ming.No King 144540. Chau (Sao) Lam-kon-kam-pha 1448 a descendant of 34, closest remaining relative of 39.41. Chau (Sao) Hum-pha I 1461 son42. Chau (Sao) Kaa-pha 1490 son43. Chau (Sao) Pim-pha 1496 son 44. Chau (Sao) Hum-pha II 1516 son45. Chau (Sao) Poreing 1604 son - also Saopha of Hsenwi (Bur. Thenni)*\**** ** 'The 3 Shan Brothers' 1. Ai Saeng Khai (Asankhya/ Athinkaya) 2. Yee Saeng Kam (Rajasankram/Yazathinkyan)3. Saeng Sai (Sihasura or Sihasu/Thihathura or Thihathu) recognized by the Mongol (Yuan) as 'King of Mien (Burma)'. Anawrahta, King of Pagan (1044-1077 AD) - Shan Kingdoms predate Pagan in 'Burma'.
Narathihapate, last of the kings of Pagan. Shan Kings of Mong-gong (Bur. Mogaung)1. Sam Luang-pha the Conqueror 1215(?)AD brother of 3I of Mong Mao, Chau Kwan-pha, Suakhanfah the Great. Created King 1215 (?).2. Chau (Chao) kam-pha 1228 nephew of 1. This was his father's name which he assumed; his real name being Noi-San-pha.3. Chau (Sao) Khun-law 1248 son4. Chau (Sao) Pu-rieng 1308 son5. Chau (Sao) Tei-pha (? Tai-pha) 1344 son6. Pwa-ngan-maing (? Pha-ngan-mong) 1346 son7. Khun Tau-pha 1361 son8. Chau (Sao) Hoong-pha 1381 son9. Chau (Sao) Pin-pha 1411 son10. Chau (Chao) Si-pha 1446 brother of 39th of Mong Mao, Chau (Sao) Ngan-pha.11. Chau (Sao) Kaa-pha I 1498 ?, surnamed Chau Kyek-pha.12. Sam-Lung-paw-mong 1520 ?, a.k.a. Chau (Sao) Sui-fin. Here the direct Mong Mao line breaks off.13. Chau (Sao) Sui-kwei 1526 ?, probably a relative not in the direct line of succession, surnamed Chau Peng14. Chau (Sao) Hum-pha I 1558 son15. Chau (Sao) Kaa-pha II 1564 son 16. Chau (Sao) Kon-kham 1583 son17. Chau (Sao) Hum-pha II 1591 son18. Chau (Sao) Tit-pha 1605 grandson of 44th of Mong Mao, Chau Hum-pha,surnamed Chau Kaa-merng.19. Chau (Sao) Sain-lung 1626 country administered by Chau Tit-pha's queen No King 1629 --------- ditto ------20. Lang (? Nang) Chu-paw 1639 Dowager Queen of Chau Tit-pha, re #18. 21. Cheing-lung-ho-hup 1651 adopted, 'name,' said to be a minister's title 22. Chau (Sao) Sui-yaw 1663 son 23. Chau (Sao) Sui-kyek 1673 grandson of 44th of Merng Mao24. Chau (Sao) Hum 1729 son, born at Ava & called by the Burmese - Saw Maung-pu25. Haw-saeng 1739 son26. Haw-kham 1748 sonHaw-saeng (Again) 176527. Maung Kiaw (Haw Kham) 1768 ?, said to be Burmese, father was probably Burmese, mother of the Merng-gong line.28. Maung Piu 1771 brotherHaw-saeng (Again) 1775 son of 24th (NB: 25th)No King 177729. Chau (Sao) Yaw-pan-kyung 1785 captured by Burmese in 1796 AD, last of Mong-gong Kings. 30. Tipum Raja 1840-43 an Ahom (Assam) prince, brother to the exiled King of Assam and confined at the Court of Ava, was created Saopha of Mong-gong (Mogaung) - a scion of the 29th Mong Mao - refer to Shan Ahom Kings list. ***** 'The 3 Shan Brothers' intermarried with the remaining royal family of Pagan, and controlled the rice area of Kyaukse, the chief reason for their success and their descendants held Upper Burma for the next two and a half centuries (1299? -1555 AD). Shan Period. Some Shan Kings of Ava and other kings of that Period:Saeng Sai (Sihasura/Thihathura) Sao Ton Khun Pai (Thadominbya)Shan name? (Mingyiswasauke 1368 - 1401) Shan name? (Minkhaung 1401 - 1422) ****Rajadarit of Pegu [Mon] 1385 - 1423, a descendent of Wariru.Hso-hom-pha (Thohanbwa 1527), - son of the Chaopha of Mong Yang (Bur. Mohyin), placed on the Ava throne by his father.Mongpai-Narabadi (Mobyemin).Tai (Shan) Kings of Ava (Burma) 1364 - 1555 AD1. Sao Ton Khun Pai - Thadominbya 1364 - 13682. - Nga Nu 1368 usurper3. --- Sao-ke (?) - Swasawke 13684. ---- pha (?) - Tarabya - 14015. ? - Na nauk Hsan 14016. Merng-gong (?) - Minkhaung 1401 - 14227. Sihasu (?) - Thihatu 1422 - 14268. Merng-la On (?) - Minhla-nge 1426 - 14279. Merng Yang Tard-Ung - Moyin Thadoe 1427 - 144010. ? - Kyawswa 1440 - 144311. Chao Jom Kon - Narapati 1443 - 1469 established the Phongdaw Oo at Yawnghwe12. Sihasura (?) - Thihathura 1469 - 148113. Merng-gong (?) - Minkhaung 1481 - 150214. Sao Kyaw-haw-kham (?) - Shwenankyawshin 1502 - 152715. Hso-hom-pha - Thohanbwa 1527 - 1543 16. Khong-merng (?) - Hkonghmaing 1543 - 154617. Merng Pai-Narabadi - Mobye Narapati 1546 - 155218. ? - Sithu Kyawhtin 1552 - 1555 overthrown by Bayinnaung in 1555 Re: Shan Kings of Ava(Burma) - I have taken the liberty to conjecture their Shan names from the names the Burmese have called them by. Perhaps someone knowledgeable will supply the correct Shan names of those Kings. NB: The ruling Houses of western Tai and the various Shan States with their own genealogies, and Tai Kings of Lanchao (Nanchao) are not listed here. N.B. Lanchao is usually misinterpreted by the Chinese and generally accepted by western scholars to mean ëSouthern Kingdom' through their ignorance of Tai/Shan. [The word 'Shan' is itself the Burmese pronunciation of their transliteration of 'Siam' - 'Shiam', but pronounced 'Shan'.] It is actually Lanchao meaning the 'Kingdom or Land of the Million Kings/Rulers'. In the Tai Neua dialect, the 'L' in other Tai dialects become 'N' - thus 'Lan' (million) is 'Nan' - NOT the Chinese 'South'. All Tai Shan, Lao and ancient Tai/Thai ruling Houses in the 'Shan States' & kingdoms are inter-related through marriages. The kings of the western Tai or Shan are descended from the Lanchao line of Khun Borom or Piloko (Pilawko), his son Khun Lu or Kolofeng, Imohson, and 22 preceding kings, as are Fa-ngam of Laos, Mengrai Mangrai) of Lannathai (Lanna), Chiangsen, Chiangmai, Sukhothai, Lanchang (Laos) and Ayuthia (Thailand)- the previous ruling dynasty of Thailand. 'Chakri' the present Thai dynasty is new and descended from General Chakri, one of two general, other being Taksin, who liberated Thailand from Burmese occupation in the 18th century). However all other Tai Shan/ Lao royal lines are descended from Khun Borom (Piloko or Pilawko).We should be aware that the Tai-Thai-Lao Speaking Peoples form a very large national-ethnic group in Asia, probably second only to the Han Chinese. During a visit to the PRC in 1957 on the invitation of Chairman Mao-tse-tung, the Chaofa Chao Shwe Thaike (President of the Union of Burma 1948-52) and the Mahadevi (Maha-tae-vee, Thai pronounciation) Chao Hearn Hkam of Yawnghwe were told by the Premier Chou-en-lai that there were 50 million Tai/Thai/Dai speaking peoples in China alone. NB: Merng = Mong = Muang = Moeng = Meng - these are merely translit. of the same Tai/Thai/Lao word meaning ''land' or 'country' as in 'Mong-Tai' (Shan States), Muang-Thai (Thailand or Siam).

Copyright 2002, Tai Overseas Association

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